苦口良藥,藥其實應該都是苦的,不單是古時的草藥,現代的藥丸也是。英文說a bitter pill,即是苦澀的藥丸,後來亦用作比喻難堪的事情、難以接受的事實。說某些事情是a bitter pill to swallow難以嚥下的苦藥,意指這是不得不吞下的苦果或避不開的困境。說某人swallow a bitter pill吞下苦藥,是說這人儘管不喜歡、不願意,也得接受某些殘酷的現實。

Sales have dropped a lot and the shop has to close down. It is a bitter pill for the owner but he has no choice.

營業額大跌,商店要關門。這是店東不得不吞下的苦果,但他別無選擇。

The failure to win the champion was a bitter pill for the team to swallow. However, they haven't lost hope and decided to try again next year.

錯失了冠軍,是隊伍要接受的殘酷事實。然而,他們沒有就此拋棄希望,決意明年再爭霸。

The management has to swallow a bitter bill if their plan falls through.

如果他們的計劃失敗,管理層就算不願意,亦要承受結果。

糖衣毒藥 粉飾真相

由於藥丸有苦味,所以很多時會在藥丸表面加上有甜味的糖衣,令藥丸較容易入口和吞嚥,特別是小朋友,對藥丸就不會太抗拒了。在物件上面加上糖衣,英文是 sugar-coat或簡單的sugar,作動詞用時形容這種行為或過程是sugar-coating。

英文有句用語sugar the pill或 sweeten the pill,美式英語較多時用sugar-coat the pill,字面上是在藥丸上加上糖衣,為苦藥加上甜味,引申意義是令一些不愉快、痛苦的事情變得較為容易接受,使傷痛的程度減低。亦即是在公布壞消息、情況不妙或形勢惡劣的同時,做一些事或說一些話,令事情看起來不那麼糟糕,減輕情緒和心理傷害,使事情較易接受。

The form teacher has to be on sick leave to receive treatment for cancer. She sugared the pill by telling her students that she is fine and will be back very soon.

班主任老師患了癌病,須休假治病,她向學生公布這消息時,說自己狀況不錯,很快便會回來,以紓緩學生的情緒。

Offering free rides on certain public holidays is just a means for the transport company to sweeten the pill of increasing fares.

公共運輸公司在某些公眾假期提供免費乘車優惠,只是給市民一些甜頭,以減輕市民對車費加價的不滿。

Global economies continue to flag. Governments try to sugar-coat the pill by subsidizing events and festivals, trying to restore people's confidence.

全球經濟持續疲弱,各國政府都出資贊助一些活動和節慶,試圖製造一些歡欣氣氛,挽回人們的信心。

表面加上了糖衣,遮掩了原本的苦味,較易入口。用一些委婉的語言,做一些緩和的措施,令苦事、壞事沒那麼難受,終究是隱藏了事實,美化了外表,極端時可能是糖衣毒藥sugarcoat,帶有蒙蔽的意味,一般被視為負面字眼,意思是隱藏了不好的一面,粉飾真相。

Can you tell us what you actually think, without sugar-coating?

你可以告訴我們你真正的想法嗎?不要掩飾。

I don't want to sugar-coat the truth. The fact is that our profit is dropping and we have to lay off staff.

我不想美化真相。事實是,我們的盈利正在下跌,而我們必須裁員。

Many books and movies portray a sugar-coated reality. The world is not always that beautiful.

許多書本和電影都把現實生活描寫得十分美好,但這世界並不總是那麼美麗的。

使到不愉快、難堪而又必須面對的事情變得較為容易接受,只要處理得當,動機善良,亦不算是壞事,但跟字面一樣,sugar-coat只是表面的,認清事實真相始終是非常重要的。

◆ Lina CHU [ linachu88@gmail.com ]