新學年開始,大家或會把去年已經沒有用的筆記、草稿、文件等的紙張棄掉,環保一點就送入回收箱。一些文件可能會先放進碎紙機切成小條狀,然後才棄掉。碎紙機英文是shredder,來自動詞shred,意思是把東西切或撕成小條或小塊,例如說shred the important documents(切碎那些重要文件),shred the vegetables for the salad(切碎蔬菜用作沙律)。

除了動詞,shred亦可作名詞,可想而知,即是小塊、細片、碎條,可以指實物的碎粒或小條狀物件,例如說:ginger shreds for cooking(用作烹調的薑絲),然而亦可以作為一個抽象概念,指東西或事物微不足道,渺小而起不了作用。

She hasn't got a shred of evidence to support her claims.

她沒有一丁點兒證據證明她的說法屬實。

Without a shred of doubt, the two nations will not come to an agreement.

毫無疑問,兩國不會達成協議。

His son was badly injured in the accident, but he holds on to a shred of hope that he will fully recover.

他的兒子在意外中嚴重受傷,但他懷着一絲希望,相信兒子會完全康復。

碎片shred是已經破壞了的殘留物,亦可以引申開來,指十分差劣的狀態或是嚴重受損的情況,多是眾數,會出現在不同的常用語。其中in shreds(破碎、殘缺)用來形容物件狀況不佳,例如說the jeans are in shreds(那牛仔褲殘破不全),又可以形容事情、行業受到重大打擊或破壞。

After the pandemic, economies of many countries are in shreds. Governments have to try different ways to deal with the recession.

經歷全球大疫情後,多個國家經濟嚴重受損。多國政府須嘗試不同方法以應對經濟衰退局面。

With the widespread use of computers and mobile phones, printed newspapers will be in shreds.

隨着電腦和流動電話的應用普及,紙媒市場將會衰落,被撕個粉碎。

The chairman's reputation is in shreds because of his inappropriate behavior in the public.

主席在公開場合作出不當行為,因此聲名破損。

可用作對某人嚴厲批評譴責

另一句用到shreds的用語是tear something or somebody to shreds(把某事或某人撕個粉碎),其中的動詞tear是撕裂,可以用rip代替,shreds是碎片,亦可以用pieces或bits代替。這句話的意思是嚴重損害某事或某人,亦可以指嚴厲無情地批評和譴責某些人的行為、說話或想法。作為動詞時shred亦有類似意思。

The earthquake tore the city to shreds. A lot of residents were affected.

地震重創了那個城市。很多居民都受到影響。

The author's new book is not as successful as expected. Many critics rip it into pieces.

那個作者的新書並未如預期般成功,很多評論將之評得體無完膚。

My proposal was ripped to shreds by the boss. Well, it was no big surprise.

我的建議書被上司全盤否定。呃,這也不太意外吧。

Media shredded him to bits for the mistake he made in his speech.

他發言時犯了錯誤,被傳媒嚴厲抨擊。

說某些人或事in shreds或torn to shreds都不是什麼好言好語,意思是衰敗了、破落了。雖說除舊迎新,但是有價值的東西,有意義的事物,即使舊了還是要好好保留、保護的。

◆ Lina CHU (linachu88@gmail.com)