現代人大多都是精明的消費者,買東西時喜歡比較價錢、四處「格價」,希望買到價廉物美、價格合理的產品。有些時候遇上了價錢高昂或標價高於一般水平的物品,都會說「真貴!超貴!」一類的話。
昂貴的英文是expensive,所以覺得物品很昂貴的時候會說very expensive、really expensive等等,但是這些形容詞可能不足以表達昂貴的程度,要強調、誇張就得用上一些成語,例如"cost an arm and a leg"、"pay through the nose"。如果一件產品的價值等同於一隻手臂an arm和一條小腿a leg,顯然就是價值非凡,所以說某些產品cost an arm and a leg或者charge an arm and a leg,即是這些產品很昂貴,是值錢的東西。說消費者pay an arm and a leg或者spend an arm and a leg,即是他們要支付或者花費大筆金錢的意思。
為什麼用手臂和小腿代表高昂價值?沒有確切資料,但一般相信是始於二次世界大戰時,士兵往往在戰事中失去四肢,是沉重的代價;也有相信是最初創造銀幣的兩個人是Armstrong及Legge。另一種說法跟以前流行繪畫人像有關,據說聘請畫師繪畫人像,最低消費是畫頭部和肩膀部分,比較便宜,要畫全身人像,包括手和腳,就得額外付費,價格高出許多。現用an arm and a leg比喻高昂的價值和大量的金錢。
A flat in this part of the city costs an arm and a leg. I don't think I can afford it.
市內這個地區的住房價格是天價,我想我負擔不來。
This cosy restaurant serves very good food, and it doesn't charge an arm and a leg for a set lunch. You can get real value for your money.
這家高級餐廳的食物很好,而且一個午市套餐的價錢並不是太昂貴,可說是物有所值。
They paid an arm and a leg for their son's education in a prestigious university overseas.
他們花費巨額金錢供兒子到海外入讀高等大學。
She spent an arm and a leg going on a cruise round the Mediterranean Sea. She didn't regret a bit as she really enjoyed the experience.
她豪擲萬金乘郵輪環遊地中海。她一點也不後悔,因為她很享受這趟旅程。
付出手臂和腿pay an arm and a leg,即是付出大筆金錢。有時候,付出的金額不只是高昂,甚至是不合理,這時候可以說pay through the nose(通過鼻子支付),指物品價格極高,遠超合理水平,需要付出多於一般的金額。為何支付高額款項會「透過鼻子」? 一種說法是9世紀期間,當時丹麥人佔領愛爾蘭,向愛爾蘭人徵收"nose tax"(鼻子稅),沒有繳交鼻子會被切開作為懲罰,這種殘忍的做法迫使愛爾蘭人繳付高昂的稅額,後來pay through the nose便引申解作被逼付出大額金錢;另有一種說法,nose的希臘文是rhino,而英文俚語以rhino代表金錢。更有人提出因為鼻子手術昂貴,所以鼻子就與高昂費用有關。不管源自何處,pay through the nose表達的就是無何奈何、付出不合理的巨額金錢購買物品或服務。
During peak seasons such as the summer holidays, you have to pay through the nose to get an air ticket.
在旺季,例如暑假期間,你要付出超高的價錢才可以買到一張機票。
They paid through the nose to organize the event, but it seemed not very successful.
他們為了舉辦這項盛事不惜大撒金錢,但盛事似乎不大成功。
I like the car but I am not going to pay through the nose for it. I think it is not reasonably priced.
我喜歡這輛車,但是我不會不惜工本買下它,我覺得定價不合理。
手腳、鼻子看似與金錢扯不上關係,但是隨時代演變,就成為了代表大額款項、超高價格的象徵。如要表示物品extremely expensive或者overly expensive,可以適當運用cost an arm and a leg或者pay through the nose,描繪高得令人咋舌的價錢。
●Lina CHU(linachu88@gmail.com)

0 / 255