【英語世界】富人想炫富 捧出寵物狗
現代人飼養寵物,大都因為鍾愛動物,有人甚至把動物當成朋友或家人。以前飼養在家的動物都有功能性的實用價值,例如狗看門口、貓捉老鼠等,發展到後期,動物的功能不再重要,飼養在家的動物變成了寵物。十九世紀時,在歐美等地,寵物更加成為階級財富的象徵。寵物是奢侈品,家裏有養尊處優的寵物,代表家裏有錢有財產,於是有了pampered pets,即是嬌養的寵物。當時富有人家流行飼養lap dogs,即是可放在膝上,供玩賞的小狗。
美國內戰後,很多有錢人家或新發跡的人士喜歡在別人面前展示家中嬌生慣養的小狗,以炫耀財富和身份地位。後來發展出put on the dog(捧出小狗)這句用語,代表裝腔作勢,指某些人炫耀財富、才能、權力等,在他人面前表現和抬高自己,亦可以說是擺出一副自以為重要的樣子,行為浮誇。
Some newly rich families like to put on the dog. They drive expensive cars and wear branded clothes to show off their wealth.
一些暴發戶喜歡炫耀自己,駕名貴汽車,穿名牌衣服,以展示財富。
He lost the election partly because he was always putting on the dog and many people didn't like it.
他輸掉選舉,部分原因是他常常自吹自擂,裝腔作勢,很多人都不喜歡這樣的行為。
外表優雅 矯揉造作
不用the dog,也可以用airs and graces,air是態度、外表,grace是風度、優雅,本應是正面的意思,但airs and graces合起來卻不是好事,指人矯揉造作,不自然的造作行為,意圖令人覺得你很優越,比真實的你更強,所以put on airs and graces亦是裝模作樣、裝腔作勢的意思。
He has a lot of supporters because he never puts on airs and graces.
他有很多支持者,因為他從不吹噓作大,裝模作樣。
Those officials often put on airs and graces. The public isn't impressed.
那些官員經常裝腔作勢,群眾並不受落。
裝腔作勢,很多時來於自以為是,過度自信,另一句用語 get too big for one's boots(以為自己是穿大號靴子的人)有相似的意思。句中的boots是靴子,get too big for one's boots是把自己想得太大,不切實際,脫離現實。美式英語會說get too big for one's britches,britches亦可寫作breeches,是及膝的褲子。說某些人get too big for their boots/britches,是批評他們擺架子,高估自己,自以為重要或聰明。
Since she had the promotion, she got too big for her boots and offended many of her colleagues.
自從升職後,她便自覺很重要,常常擺出架子,得失了許多同事。
The coach will not allow anyone in the team to get too big for their boots. The player who has spoken conceitedly is put on the bench in the next match.
教練不會容許隊中任何成員扮大牌,驕傲自誇的隊員在下一場比賽會列作後備。
Put on the dog. Put on airs and graces. 說的不是正面的行為,都是炫耀、造作的表現。人應該有自信,但只要實事求是,don't get too big for your boots. 就是不要把自己想得太大。
◆ Lina CHU
(linachu88@gmail.com)
隔星期二見報